Ernest Ackerman

Ernest Ackerman was a prominent American businessman and politician who served as a U.S. Representative for New Jersey's 5th congressional district from 1919 until his death in 1931. A member of the Republican Party, Ackerman's political career was preceded by significant involvement in local governance and state politics, including a term in the New Jersey Senate. He was also known for his contributions to the field of philately, amassing a notable stamp collection that garnered recognition and awards.

Early life and career

Ernest Robinson Ackerman was born on June 17, 1863, in New York City to J. Hervey Ackerman and Ellen (née Morgan) Ackerman. His family lineage included several individuals who played roles in the American Revolution, reflecting a heritage of civic involvement. In his early years, Ackerman moved with his family to Plainfield, New Jersey, where his father held positions as both president of the common council and city judge.

Ackerman received his education in public schools and graduated from Plainfield High School in 1880. Following his graduation, he traveled to England with George E. Vincent, who would later become the president of the University of Minnesota and the Rockefeller Foundation. This early exposure to international travel may have influenced Ackerman's later interests and pursuits.

In the business realm, Ackerman began his career at the Lawrence Cement Company, which would eventually be known as the Lawrence Portland Cement Company. His dedication and leadership led him to the position of president of the company. In addition to his role in the cement industry, he served as a director for the Plainfield Trust Company and the Central Railroad Company of New Jersey, further establishing his presence in the local business community.

Ackerman's political career began at the local level when he was elected to the Plainfield common council in 1891 and 1892. His political engagement deepened when he was chosen as a presidential elector in 1896, casting his vote for William McKinley and Garret Hobart. He also served as secretary of the delegation in January 1897. His involvement in the Republican Party continued as he became a delegate to the 1908 and 1916 Republican National Conventions, where he played a role in informing James S. Sherman of his nomination as vice president during the 1908 convention.

House tenure

In 1905, Ackerman was elected to the New Jersey Senate, representing Union County. He was re-elected in 1908 and became known for his legislative contributions, including the authorship of New Jersey's first civil service law, known as the Ackerman Civil Service Law. He was also instrumental in introducing the state's first employers' liability law. During his time in the Senate, he chaired the Senate committees on the Judiciary and Finance and was elected president of the Senate in 1911. He briefly served as acting governor while Woodrow Wilson was away on a tour prior to his presidential campaign. However, Ackerman chose not to seek re-election in 1911.

Following his tenure in the state legislature, Ackerman continued his political career by winning election to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1918, representing New Jersey's 5th congressional district, which included Union County and Morris County. He served in the House for a total of seven terms, consistently leading the Republican ticket in his district until his death in 1931.

During his time in Congress, Ackerman became known for his support of Prohibition, initially aligning with the "dry" movement. However, he later adapted his stance to advocate for "reasonable" modifications to the Volstead Act, which governed the prohibition of alcoholic beverages, allowing for the sale of light wines and beer. He also supported the Smoot–Hawley Tariff Act, which aimed to protect American industry through tariffs on imported goods.

At the time of his passing, Ackerman was a member of the House Committee on Appropriations and the Migratory Bird Commission. His long tenure in the House was marked by a distinctive personal touch; he was often seen carrying a black umbrella that he had owned for over 50 years. This umbrella, which he purchased during a trip to London in 1880, became a notable aspect of his public persona, and upon his death, it was mentioned in obituaries as a symbol of his long service and character.

Legislative focus and committees

Ackerman's legislative focus during his time in the House was shaped by his background in business and local governance. His experience in the cement industry and as a director in various companies provided him with insights into economic and regulatory issues that were pertinent to his constituents. His support for the Smoot–Hawley Tariff Act indicated a commitment to protecting American industries, particularly in the wake of economic challenges.

As a member of the House Committee on Appropriations, Ackerman played a role in shaping federal spending and budgetary policies. This committee is responsible for determining the allocation of funds for various government programs and initiatives, making it a critical component of the legislative process. His involvement in the Migratory Bird Commission also highlighted his interest in environmental and conservation issues, reflecting a broader concern for natural resources and wildlife management.

Ackerman's contributions to legislation were complemented by his active participation in civic and community organizations. He was known for his philanthropic efforts, supporting institutions such as the YMCA, local churches, and hospitals in Plainfield. His engagement in these organizations demonstrated a commitment to public service beyond his political duties.

In addition to his political and business pursuits, Ackerman was an avid philatelist. He gained recognition for his extensive stamp collection, which included rare and valuable items. His expertise in postage stamps and postal history earned him numerous awards, and he was posthumously inducted into the American Philatelic Society Hall of Fame in 2000. His collection, valued at over $1 million at the time of his death, included significant pieces that were eventually bequeathed to the Smithsonian Institution's National Postal Museum.

Ernest Ackerman passed away on October 18, 1931, in Plainfield, New Jersey, due to heart disease. His legacy encompasses his contributions to business, politics, and philately, marking him as a multifaceted individual who left a lasting impact on his community and beyond.